Category Archives: History

SABC Broadcast Stations In 1943

 

sabc1Historical article:

BROADCAST BAND DX

 bcb2

Listen For These Stations:

Here we present a list of all known stations in the South African Broadcasting Corporation’s network. This list may be of interest to our WA DX’ers particularly, as several stations from South Africa have been logged in that State.

Best listening time for these stations in WA is from around midnight till about 5.30 am WA time, and In the Eastern States, listen around 5.00 am AEST.

560 kc., Grahamstown, No. 1.

600 kc., Capetown No. 1.

620 kc., Bloemfontein. No. 2.

Sunspots And Reception In 1939

 

 ss1

Historical article:

The apparent effect which “sun-spots” have on radio reception makes their study of special interest to the radio engineer. This article was submitted to Radio and Hobbies by a reader in England, and gives some interesting information on a special subject.

By ROY GLASSON

 ss2

SUNSPOTS are one indication of high solar activity, which is, however, also indicated by other phenomena. The most important of these are the clouds of hydrogen and of calcium vapour – called hydrogen or calcium flocculi – which appear on the sun’s surface, having been erupted from its interior, usually in the vicinity of sunspots.

Broadcast Band DX In 1939

bcb1

Historical article:

Since the very first issue of Radio and Hobbies, (April 1939), it has been a matter of policy to provide, each month, the best possible information for short-wave listeners. However, we have often wondered how many of our readers are interested in long distance and overseas reception on the broadcast band. Here are some broadcast band DX notes, compiled by Mr. Roy Hallett. If you are interested, drop us a line and we will see what can be done about making this a regular feature.

bcb2

The Aussie Broadcast Band In 1946

Aussie BC Stations Jan 1946s

click to enlarge

The Ionosphere And Its Relation to Radio Frequency

 

 radhob2

Historical article:

A summary of a lecture delivered to the Wireless Institute of Australia
on June 15, 1939, this article will be welcomed by all who are interested
in fading and skip-distance transmission on various frequencies.

By R. H. Healy, D.Sc., E. inst. P.

1. INTRODUCTION

SHORT-WAVE circuits operating between wave-lengths of 10 and 100m. (30 and 3 mcs.) are dependent, in the majority of cases, on reflections from the ionised regions or layers of the atmosphere. In the absence of these reflections, communications by means of the ground ray alone is only possible up to comparatively short distances, the actual distance depending on such factors as the earth resistivity, the wave-length, and the height of the transmitter and receiver above earth.

Stars Control Wave-Length

radhob

 Historical article:

STARS CONTROL WAVE-LENGTH;

USED TO CHECK TUNING FORK

An interesting development in checking the frequencies of broadcasting stations is announced by the A.W.A. Research Laboratory

THE stars in the heavens have been harnessed to prevent overlapping among broadcasting stations. By their aid, complaints of interference between any of the 121 stations in Australia have been practically eliminated.

To test whether a station is on its wave-length, the scientific staff at the A.W.A. Research Laboratory, Ashfield, employs a tuning fork of high-grade Elinvar steel. This fork, when vibrating, has a natural frequency of 1000 cycles per second, and when its frequency is compared with the frequency of a broadcast station or control equipment in course of manufacture, the slightest variation from an allotted frequency or wave-length is detected.

Practical Details of … “Eliminoise” Aerial Equipment

elinimoise

Historical article:

Typical Sales Advertisement from

The N.Z. Radio Times

February 2, 1937

It is generally agreed that if a receiver has to be operated where interference is directly radiated, the most effective way of improving reception is to attend to the aerial; the active span should be erected as far from any metallic conductor as possible, and the down lead which is incapable of picking up any radio voltages be used for connecting the aerial to the receiver.

Clandestine Radio In The 1970s

MartinHadlow

Martin Hadlow

While accessing some declassified US Government documents in the archives, I came across an interesting report from March, 1971. Headed Soviet and East European Clandestine Broadcasting, the report noted that “The USSR and East European Communist countries today are engaged in extensive clandestine broadcasting operations to supplement the efforts of their official acknowledged international broadcasting networks”.

The report listed nine stations, which broadcast a total of 232.25 hours a week. No doubt many of the stations are familiar to long-time DXers. Personally, I never heard any of the nine listed by the US authorities in their classified report. However, reading the list, and the raison d’etre of each station, is like stepping back in time to an era when the Cold War was at its height.

High Efficiency Aerial For Shortwaves – Historical

 

hef1

HIGH EFFICIENCY AERIAL FOR SHORT WAVES

HERE is a short wave antenna that has helped me very much in my SWL work. I believe it is an original idea, for I have never seen or heard of one like it. It occurred to me when I was trying to figure out a way to have good directional antenna (all directions) without having to have a separate antenna for each direction. It has worked wonderfully well for the past six months, so I thought that others interested in the same field might like to try it.

Wave Traps – Historical Article

wt2

 

WAVE TRAPS

FOR INCREASING R.F. GAIN

By

R. J. A. LITTLE, A.M.I.R.E. South Melbourne

From – The Australasian Radio Times – July 1947

A WAVE TRAP can be defined as a circuit containing at least one condenser and one coil wired in series or parallel to form a tuned circuit. A most common form of wave trap is one utilising a parallel tuned circuit.

Modified Views On Shortwave Propagation

rwprop

Historical article from May 1943 Australasian Radio World

TWO abstracts from technical papers of German origin which have recently appeared in “Wireless Engineer” deal with matters of particular interest to those engaged in short-wave work.

The first of these is from a paper by B. Beckmann, W. Menzel and F. Vilbig, and gives details of a particular form of “scattering” in the ionosphere, which results in strong signals being obtained within the skip distance of a transmitter.

Great Circle Gadget

Radio World

Historical Article: Tells You Where To Point Your Directional Aerial

The Atmosphere’s Electrical Fringe

Radio Review

Historical Article: How the Ionosphere Affects Radio Transmission

From the Radio Review of Australia (June 1938)

EVERY reader of this journal must have encountered at least one reference to the vagaries of the ionosphere” in the course of his reading, and he is also bound to have come across references to ‘sun-spots” and their effect on terrestrial conditions. It is quite possible that these references, usually of the incomplete newspaper” variety, have left him wondering what it is all about. The following article, which is by a scientist of the Carnegie Institution, Washington, U.S.A., sums up present knowledge of the ionosphere, sun-spots, and their relation to radio transmission, very neatly and will give the reader a much more intelligent appreciation of what is happening next time he hears of a ‘solar hydrogen eruption” or a “sun-spot cycle.

Aussie MW Band In 1937

Australian Broadcast Stations 1937

Click on the image to enlarge.

Soviet Jammers From Latvia

jammertxNot all of the Soviet jamming originated from Russia, their replublics also hosted jammers, and what’s more some were made in the USA. The Latvian History blog carries this interesting story. They also make the comment that the jammers blocked transmissions from Soviet-friendly states as well. From the same site, there are interesting blogs on Nazi radio propaganda during WW2 and Latvian-made valve radios.

Stop That Noise!

Historical article from Lamphouse Annual 1947-48

 

Lamphouse Annual 1947-48 CoverSTOP THAT NOISE!

MANY excellent programmes are ruined by man-made interference. In order to locate the source of interference you should endeavour to obtain some clue to possible causes, and, by the process of elimination, determine the electrical system in which the trouble originates.

The local Radio Inspector of the Post and Telegraph Department is always willing to investigate complaints of continued interference, but before calling on his assistance you should endeavour to eliminate the possibility of the trouble being in your own receiving set, your aerial and earth system, or caused by some electrical appliance or circuit in your own home.

Aerial & Earth Systems 1948

lamphouse

Aerial and Earth Systems

By “Starlite”

From the 1948/49 “Lamphouse” Annual

The early pioneers of radio were once faced by a very serious problem. Their crude attempts at transmission were being held up as the range achieved was extremely limited. Someone got the bright idea of suspending a piece of wire in the air. Thus the aerial was born. The earth was the logical conclusion. Radio transmission and reception experiments increased in efficiency.

The same holds good today.

The AM Band in 1948

lamphouse

Thanks to Bill Marsh, here is a glimpse of the Australia/NZ broadcast band in 1948. Click on the image below to enlarge it.

Freq Changes

Prisoner Of War Monitoring Service Follow-Up

Flag of the Red Cross Suomi: Punaisen Ristin l...

Flag of the Red Cross (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

Red Cross and New Zealand Radio DX League member Peter Grenfell from Oamaru was kind enough to share the following:

“You might be interested in a radio programme which was broadcast over National Radio just after 10am on 26th & 27th December 2013. It was a Jack Perkins documentary and part of it featured the POW monitoring service which was operated by N.Z. D.X.ers during the second World War together with the N.Z. Red Cross. You can hear the first part on this site on RadioNew Zealand’s web-site.

After hearing this broadcast and the mention of the Red Cross involvement I looked up an earlier publication called “The NZ DX-TRA” published bi-monthly by the NZ DX Club for members only. I have a photocopy of an edition (not very, clear copy) dated Feb 1944, Vol. V No. 6.
The following is  transcript of the text:
SEVERAL MEMBERS of the N.Z. DX Club are performing a very worthy service by listening to Prisoner-of War broadcasts and handing on the messages to the next-of-kin. Further volunteers are required for this worth-while job and any DXer available please contact Peter Thorn, 14 Bangor Terrace, Dunedin. It was during the early days its of monitoring that the Otago Branch became interested in the Prisoner of War question. Mainly on the initiative of its President, Jack Fox, messages from P.O.W. were copied down and sent to those concerned and this service was obviously much appreciated. The Red Cross was contacted early in 1943 and their co-operation was sought. A special letter-card was designed and forwarded to the Red Cross, who in turn discussed the card, and its merits, at their next general meeting and officially approved of it. The card, with the message is forwarded to the next of kin, and a copy of the message forwarded to the Red Cross for checking purposes. Soon after the scheme’s inauguration, conditions became very poor, and with lack of messages it seemed as though the scheme would not be able to operate as well as had been anticipated. Peter Thorn is at the head of affairs and is assisted by several of the Otago dx-ers, and this has added the advantage that messages are checked by more than one monitor to minimise mistakes in monitoring.
Arthur Cushen is also engaged in a like service as Radio Officer to the Southland Branch of the Red Cross.
The many appreciative acknowledgments received and the donations towards Red Cross funds, leave no doubt as to the value of this really fine effort and more than compensates for the many hundreds of hours put in.
John Stuart, Palmerston North, undertakes another service. He listens, to “Anzacs Calling Home” on the 41 m band on Wednesdays and sends a copy of it to those concerned on a specially typed form. John says some of the replies have been very encouraging.
All of this work is of inestimable value, so if you can help please contact Peter Thorn, 14 Bangor Terrace, Kew, Dunedin, S.W. 1.”

All Jack Fox’s and Arthur Cushen’s records are held at the Hocken Library archives and listed under the “NZ Radio DX League’s archives”. I can remember talking with Jack Fox and going through his memorabilia, but we didn’t find an example of The Red Cross message card. There may be a copy in Arthur Cushen’s records if you wished to pursue this further.
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Pioneer DXers Recalled in Radio Documentary

Jack Fox

Jack Fox

ATCushen

Arthur Cushen

 

 

 

 

 

Thanks to Bryan Clark for posting the following on the DX Dialog user-group: Thanks to a tip from Peter Grenfell in Oamaru, I have just heard an 11
minute excerpt of a documentary by Jack Perkins called “Germany Calling”
replayed on Radio NZ National around 10.00am this morning.

It includes reference to DX League pioneers Arthur Cushen and Jack Fox,
and audio from Jack and Arthur (very briefly) about the wartime
monitoring service they set up.

You can listen too at:
http://www.radionz.co.nz/audio/player/2581159